American Hazelnut (Corylus americana)

American Hazelnut (Corylus americana)
You should prepare a written report including all information listed below. Please answer in a numbered list fashion rather than trying to incorporate all material into a single essay-type report. In many cases, complete sentences are not necessary; however, for questions that ask you to discuss, please do so in complete sentences and well-organized paragraphs. You should include figures to illustrate plant appearance, geographic distribution, etc., as appropriate. Please include a complete bibliography for each report.

Your written reports should address the following:
1 Currently accepted scientific name of the plant, including the most recent approved authority
2 Synonyms for scientific name of this plant (if applicable)
3 Classification (Division, Class, Subclass, Order, Family)
4 Common or vernacular name(s)
5 Meaning or derivation of the scientific and/or common name (any info that you can find or infer from knowledge of other plant names and/or Latin syllables)
6 Growth form (herb, shrub, tree, etc.)
7 Complete description of the plant’s roots, stems, leaves, flowers (as appropriate) – Note: please put in “common” language or at least be sure that you understand all the technical terms that you use, as I may ask you about them and expect you to be able to prove that you didn’t just copy down a bunch of mumbo jumbo that makes no sense to you
8 Duration – annual, biennial, perennial (above and below ground); time of flowering (if applicable)
9 Number of species in the genus: total (worldwide), in the U.S., in VA
10 List other most similar species and/or genera that your plant resembles and discuss how to distinguish your plant from these other species/genera
11 Geographic distribution of the species
12 Habitats where found
13 Native or introduced species? If introduced, from where?
14 Discuss any other important and/or interesting information that you found about the plant or, in general, about its genus or family. Examples of some possible points of interest:
◦ Ecological adaptations to its habitat
◦ Plant/plant or plant/animal interactions
◦ Vegetative reproduction capabilities
◦ Food for humans or wildlife – parts eaten?
◦ Poisonous to humans or livestock
◦ Medicinal uses
◦ Cultivation as food crop, ornamental, etc.
◦ Agricultural weed or exotic invasive in natural areas
◦ Human uses of wood, fiber, wax, oil, etc.
◦ Rare or endangered species
◦ Disease problems or other management concerns
Bibliography:
[References available in library (#) and/or from instructor (*)]

Aulbach-Smith, C.A. and Kozlowski, S.J. 1996. Aquatic and Wetland Plants of South Carolina. Columbia, SC: South Carolina Department of Natural Resources. # *

Barker, J. 2011. The Ultimate Guide to Wildflowers of North America. Bath, UK: Perragon Publishing. *

Benvie, S. 2000. The Encyclopedia of North American Trees. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. #

Brown, L. 1979. Grasses: An Identification Guide. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. *

Coffey, T. 1993. The History and Folklore of North American Wildflowers. New York: Houghton and Mifflin Company. *

Dickison, W.C. 2000. Integrative Plant Anatomy. New York: Academic Press.#

Gifford, E.M. and Foster, A.S. 1989. Morphology and Evolution of Vascular Plants, 3rd edition. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company. *

Gleason, H.A. 1968. Illustrated Flora of Vascular Plants of the Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. New York: New York Botanical Gardens. #

Gleason, H.A. and Conquist, A. 1991. Manual of Vascular Plants of the Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada, 2nd Edition. New York: New York Botanical Gardens. #

Graham, L.E., Graham, J.M., and Wilcox, L.W. 2006. Plant Biology, 2nd Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc. *

Gupton, O.W. and Swope, F.C. 1981. Trees and Shrubs of Virginia. Charlottesville, VA: University Press of Virginia. #

Harlow, W.M. 1946. Fruit Key and Twig Key to Trees and Shrubs. New York: Dover Publications, Inc. *

Harrington, H.D. 1977. How to Identify Grasses and Grasslike Plants. Athens: Ohio University Press. *

Harvill, A.M. et al. 1992. Atlas of the Virginia Flora, 3rd Edition. Burkeville, VA: Virginia Botanical Associates. *

Heywood, V.H. 1993. Flowering Plants of the World. New York: Oxford University Press. # *

Hickey, M. and C. King. 2000. The Cambridge Illustrated Glossary of Botanical Terms. New York: Cambridge University Press. *

Isely, D. 1990. Vascular Flora of the Southeastern United States. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. # (Note: the library does not have all available volumes; of the ones that are available, please do not sign them out for very long to allow others to share)

Kershner, B., Matthews, D., Nelson, G. and R. Spellenberg. 2008. Field Guide to Trees of North America. National Wildlife Federation field guide series. New York: Andrew Stewart Publishing, Inc.*

Larcher, W. 2001. Physiological Plant Ecology, 4th edition. New York: Springer.*

Mauseth, J.D. 1998. Botany: An Intoduction to Plant Biology, 2/e multimedia enhanced edition. Sudbury, Massachuetts: Jones & Bartlett Publishers. *

Moore, R., Clark, W.D., and Vodopich, D.S. 1998. Botany, 2nd Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill. *

Preston, R.J. 1989. North American Trees, 4th Edition. Ames: Iowa State University Press. #

Radford, A.E., Ahles, H.E., and Bell, C.R. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. # *

Raven, P.H, Evert, R.F., and Eichhorn, S.E. 2013. Biology of Plants, 8th Edition. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company.*

Samuelson, L.J. and Hogan, M.E. 2003. Forest Trees. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc. # *

Silberhorn, G.M. 1982. Common Plants of the Mid-Atlantic Coast: A Field Guide. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press. #

Smith, J.P. 1977. Vascular Plant Families. Eureka, CA: Mad River Press, Inc. # *

Stern, K.R., Bidlack, J.E., and S.H. Jansky. 2008. Introductory Plant Biology, 11th Edition. New York: McGraw Hill.*

Strausbaugh, P.D. and Core, E.L. 1977. Flora of West Virginia. Grantsville, WV: Seneca Books. # *

Symonds, G.W.D. 1963. The Shrub Identification Book. New York: William Morrow & Company. # *

Van De Graaff, K.M., Rushforth, S.P., and Crawley, J.L. 2008. A Photographic Atlas for the Botany Laboratory, 5th Edition. Englewood, Colorado: Morton Publishing Company. *

Walters, D.R. and Keil, D.J. 1996. Vascular Plant Taxonomy, 4th Edition. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company. # *

Weakley, A.S., Ludwig, J.C. and J.F. Townsend. 2012. Flora of Virginia. Bland Crowder, ed. Foundation of the Flora of Virginia Project Inc., Richmond. Fort Worth: Botanical Research Institute of Texas Press.*

Zomlefer, W.B. 1994. Guide to Flowering Plant Families. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. #

Note: Various field guides from the Peterson and Audubon series, etc. are also available from the instructor.

Note: An extremely helpful website which is considered to be the current taxonomical standard can be located at the following address: http://plants.usda.gov/

Note: Another website that maintains current taxonomic information: http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col

Note: Another helpful website to see the distribution of plants in Virginia:
http://www.vaplantatlas.org/

Note: MANY other references are available in the library which may be helpful for particular groups of plants (ask instructor if need help locating)

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