EPIDEMIOLOGY 6420: ASSIGNMENTS

MARKED ASSIGNMENT 1
This assessment task contributes 15% towards your total marks.
Complete the answers (show your working for all calculations, not just the answer) and submit them to Turnitin via blackboard by the nominated due date.
We do not expect, or want you to write a mini essay for each response. Succinct answers which cover all the relevant points are desirable. However, make sure you show the formulae and all workings for any calculations undertaken. This may allow us to still allocate you marks even if your final answer was incorrect (in the unlikely event this would occur!).
Question 1
A US study reports a prevalence of urinary incontinence in females of 19.7% versus another study that reports 23% in Australian women.
i)
Before accepting this as equivalent, name 3 potential factors that may account for the potentially spurious difference between the 2 study results (1.5 marks)
ii)
Here is the age distribution in the US study.
Age 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 >= 80
# surveyed 500 400 1208 1200 1200
#incontinent 90 84 218 299 347
Age specific prevalence of incontinence US
Australia 20.9% 25.7% 20.3% 23.5% 28.4%

Calculate the age-specific prevalence of incontinence in the US (2.5 marks)
iii)
You are given the following information:
Australian Population (females)
<40 5,414,884
40-49 1,373,537
50-59 1,042,819
60-69 725,572
70-79 611,470
80+ 343,574

Would you do a direct or indirect age-standardisation in order to compare the prevalences between the US and Australian population? (1 mark).
iv)
Perform the analysis you suggested in the previous answer (4 marks). Are the prevalences higher in one country or the other? (2 marks)
Question 2
Among 200 volunteers who dedicated one month to building homes for the homeless people, 12 developed back strains on the job. Based on the following diagram of these 12 episodes of back strain, please answer the following questions: (1mark x 4 = 4 marks)

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A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

1 January 12.01 am 15 January 11.59 pm

1. What is the point prevalence of back strains on 1 January, 12.01 a.m.?
2. What is the point prevalence of back strains on 15 January, 11.59 p.m.?
3. What is the period prevalence of back strains for January 1 – January 15?
4. What is the cumulative incidence of back strains for the period January 1 – January 15?

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