Simple Harmonic Motion
Purpose: To determine some of the properties of a spring system and examine the properties of simple harmonic motion of mass on the coefficient of static friction.
Hypothesis: Be sure to include a hypothesis in this lab.
Equipment
Spring
Ring Stand
Clamp
2 Different Springs
Set of masses
Meter stick
Background/Theory
You have learned some of the principles of springs and simple harmonic motion. In your theory describe and explain some of these principles.
Procedure:
Part #1: Determine the spring coefficient of the spring
1. Attach a clamp onto the ring stand 45 cm from base
2. Securely suspend 50 grams (Remember that the hook that you are using is 50 grams) from the spring. Record the change in length with the addition of 4 to 5 additional 5o gram masses
3. Find the value of the spring coefficient. (Be sure to include the graph in your report)
Part #2: Effect of increasing the stretch of the spring with the period of oscillations
a) Use a 200 gram mass (Remember that the hook that you are using is 50 grams). Extend the masses downward 1 cm and release the masses. Determine the period of oscillation.
b) Repeat step a only this time, extend the spring by 1 cm increments and record the period of the oscillation.
c) Repeat step a several more times, each time increase the length of the extension and record the period of the oscillation.
d) In your report describe the effect of stretching on the period of the oscillation verses the stretch of the spring. Graph this relationship.
e) Is there a change in maximal velocities? Is there a change in the period. What is the relationship between the maximal velocities and the work done on the spring?
Part #3: Effect of increasing the mass on the spring with the period of oscillations
a) Use a 100 gram mass (Remember that the hook that you are using is 50 grams). Extend the masses downward 2 cm and release the masses. Determine the period of oscillation.
b) Repeat step a only this time, add another 10 grams and extend the masses downward to the same 2 cm length and release the masses. Record the period of the oscillation.
c) Repeat step a several more times, each time increase the mass by 10 grams and record the period of the oscillation.
d) In your report describe the effect of mass on the period of the oscillation. Graph the relationship between mass verses period.
f) Is there a change in maximal velocities? What is the relationship between the maximal velocities and the work done on the spring?
Data:
Include all data in appropriately labeled Data Tables and include all graphs. Report your raw Data and spring coefficients.
Analysis:
Clearly show all calculations and record the results in appropriate tables
Discussion:
Discuss you results; in particular, what is the effect/role of work done on the spring. What is the difference between the two springs? How dose mass affect the period of oscillation? How does work on the spring affect period of oscillation? How does the mass on the spring affect period of oscillation? How would the spring coefficient affect the period of oscillation? Does hypothesis support your hypothesis?
Marking Scheme
For this report, EACH STUDENT will need the following hand written section in the Notebook.
1 1 Title Page: Includes the title of the experiment, the Report’s Author, and Lab partner(s) name(s), the Date of Investigation & the Date of Submission (under the names)
1 2 Purpose: This must be a concise full sentence(s), and in the experimenter’s own words.
3 3 Theory: Briefly the forces acting on a spring and describe and define what Simple Harmonic Motion is. how it is achieved. and what are some of the factors that affect its period. (Note: Assume I know nothing about Friction. You are the expert explaining what it is).
1 4 Hypothesis: The hypothesis will be like a guess on the outcome of the lab which can be verified by the results of the experiment.
1 5 Diagram: A diagram will be to help the “audience” follow the lab, and must include a label and a descriptive title. In clued a Free body Diagram wih the forces clearly indicated
2 6 Materials and Methods:: Describe in Paragraph form exactly what you did and what you used in order to complete this experiment. You must describe it in such a way that if I were to repeat this experiment exactly as you did it, I should be able to do it.
3 7 Data and Graphs: Organize measured results in a Table, with a label for the table (i.e. Table 1.1) and a title (i.e. Measurements of Fundamental Units). Include in the bottom of the Table a Caption ex. Table #1: Data for the friction of an added mass which was etc… Do the same for all graphs..
2 8. Analysis: Must be in paragraph form to describe precisely the process of the analysis and calculations of data. This includes a step by step explanation of the calculations and equations used. No comments or discussions here.
5 9 Discussion: Questions in this section are designed to lead the student towards the construction of a discussion. Center you discussion on answering these questions. Answers in this section must be in the paragraph form. Also, discuss if your hypothesis is confirmed or not. What is the effect of the various mass and lengths on the period of oscillation?
1 Conclusion: What can you conclude from this experiment
5 Lab Work: I will be assessing your results and how well you work in the Laboratory
25
Total Marks see also Heimbecker et al (2002),