Bipolar cells serve as the bridge cell between the photoreceptor cell and the ganglion cell. Like the photoreceptor cell it also must transduce a chemical signal in order to signal the next cell in the chain. Describe the transduction pathway in the bipolar cell. How similar and /or different is this pathway compared to the transduction pathway in the photoreceptor cell? What activates it and what is the ultimate outcome to activating this pathway? What are the molecules involved and what do they do? And finally, how is the pathway modulated? E.g. what other factors play a role in fine tuning its activity, what molecules in the pathway are modulated and how do they modulate them?
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