Textbook
•Soccio, D. J., Archetypes of Wisdom: An Introduction to Philosophy, 7th or 8th Edition, Cengage Learning.
Simply Answer 4 questions. This is not an essay… No format
Chps 10,11,12: Hume, Kant, Mill (& others)
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Human Nature
Kant emphasized human rationality alone, while the utilitarians emphasized reasoning about feelings of pleasure and pain. Which theory do you
think is a more accurate or useful characterization of human nature? Do you think, as Kant did, that pleasure & pain can be eliminated from
discussions about value? Explain.
Deity
Answer one:
A) Explain how the two empiricists Berkeley and Hume could have such widely divergent views of God, even though both had empiricist starting
points. Which one do you think is being more empirical?
B) Do you think it is damaging to a religion, or helpful, to admit, as Kant did, that our finite human minds are not capable of knowing God, and
that there are limits to human knowledge? Should Kant’s view silence the theologians forever, or does it just move the conversation about God to
a different level?
Ethics
Last week we studied Hobbes’ ethical egoism. This week we studied Kant’s ethical theory and Bentham & Mill’s ethical theory of utilitarianism.
Of these three, which one(s) do you find yourself using, and under what circumstances? Can you suggest other weaknesses that these theories have
that I didn’t discuss in the notes?
Metaphysics
How did Kant ‘kill’ metaphysics? Do you agree or disagree that ‘what is real’ is forever unknowable and will always be tainted by human
categories, frameworks and ways of looking at reality?
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