Early Socialisation
(a) Describe and evaluate Ainsworth’s contribution to our understanding of attachment. Refer to research in your answer. (b) What are the long term implications for children who have experienced separation, deprivation or privation in childhood? Your answer should refer to research evidence.
A2. Stress (a) Explain the role of the “fight or flight” syndrome in the stress response. Give an example of the fight or flight response in your answer. (b) Briefly describe and evaluate the transactional nature of stress. Refer to research in your answer.
A3. Memory (a) Describe and evaluate the “Working Memory” model of memory. Refer to research in your answer. (b) Describe and evaluate the Loftus and Palmer (1974) research study which investigated eyewitness testimony.
A team of psychologists wanted to find out if there was a relationship between the total amount of time spent on driving lessons and people’s confidence in passing their driving test. They contacted 200 people the week before they sat their driving test and asked them to complete an online questionnaire before their test. 37 responded. The questionnaire contained 50 items and included a 10-point scale on how confident participants felt about passing their test and how much time they had spent in total on driving lessons. Scattergram—Relationship between amount of time spent on driving lessons and level of confidence
10 Level of confidence 8 6 4 2 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Total amount of time spent on driving lessons (Hours)
(a) This was correlational research. Suggest: (i) a one-tailed hypothesis for this study; (ii) a null hypothesis for this study. (b) Describe the main features of correlational research design. (c) In this study, the researchers obtained mainly quantitative data. How might they have obtained qualitative data? (d) State one strength of qualitative data. (e) State whether the relationship shown in the scattergram is positive or negative, and explain your answer. 2 2 4 0 0 0
SECTION B (continued) (f) The scattergram shows a strong correlation. How would a weak correlation differ in appearance? (g) Explain one ethical concern that might arise in this study. (h) Explain one limitation of this study.
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