Ethics paper – Cheap Research Essays

Ethics paper

use the utilitarian view on abortion.

show how abortion is good through the views of utilitarianism.

you can also throw some statistic facts. sources please

also come up with a thesis and conclusion

Making Valid Arguments
There are two things that make an argument a good, sound argument:
1. The premises must all be true, and
2. The conclusion must logically follow from the premises (this is called a valid argument).
Guidelines for making valid arguments:
A. There are many structures of arguments that are always valid you can use. Examples:
Categorical Syllogism Hypothetical Syllogism Disjunctive Syllogism
All A’s are B’s If A, then B Either A or B
C is an A If B, then C Not A
Therefore, C is a B Therefore, if A, then C Therefore, B
lCategorical Syllogism Example] Modus Ponens Modus Tollens
All types of harming are wrong. If A, then B If A, then B
Killing is type ofharming. A not B
Therefore, killing is wrong. Therefore, B Therefore, not A
B. If you can’t think of how to use one of these forms, here are some easy ways to do so:
a. Categorical Syllogism
i. A simple method is this: start with the conclusion you want [e.g. X is wrong]
ii. Think of some general moral principle about what is right or wrong that is
related to your conclusion [e.g. Y is wrong]
iii. Then your argument becomes:
1. Y is wrong
2. X does Y (or X is a type of Y).
3. Therefore, X is wrong.
b. Modus Ponens
i. First, think of what you’re trying to prove (your conclusion – ”C”).
ii. Then, think of the main reason (“MR”) why you think the conclusion is true.
iii. Your argument will look like this:
1. If MR (is true), then C (is true).
2. MR (is true).
3. Therefore C (is true).
c. Variation on Modus Ponens
i. If you have more than one main reason, you can use a variation of modus
ponens. Let’s say you have three main reasons [X, Y, and Z].
ii. Your argument will look like this:
1. X
2. Y
3. Z
4. If X, Y, and Z, then C.
5. Therefore C.
C. Here are a few easy rules to keep in mind when formulating arguments:
a. Every premise and the conclusion must be a single (usually short) sentence.
b. No word or phrase should appear in the conclusion if it appears nowhere else – it
must “follow” from something in the premises.
c. Every premise (or part of a premise) must be necessary to lead to the conclusion – no
unneeded premises (or parts of premises) should be included.
(1. Avoid phrases in premises or the conclusion that start with “because. . .” Explaining
the rationale for each premise or the conclusion does not need to be in the argument.