Cite your references and list them at the end.
1. Provide the appropriate term for the following abbreviations and provide a brief description.
• AAA
• ABG
• ADHF
• AFIB
• CABG
• CAD
• CHF
• CVA
• EKG
• IABP
• IWMI
• MB-CPK
• MI
• NQWMI
• NSTEMI
• PCI
• VFIB
• VT
2. Define the following terms:
• Angina
• Angina pectoris
• Angiogram
• Arrhythmia
• Bradycardia
• Cardiac Catherization
• Carotid arteries
• Embolism
• Ischemia
• Omega-3 fatty acids
• Omega-6 fatty acids
• Pericardial effusion
• Stenosis
• Stress test
• Tachycardia
• Telemetry
• Thrombus
• Tilt table test
3. Provide a brief description of the pathology of coronary heart disease.
4. What are the risk factors for coronary heart disease?
5. Briefly describe the roles of LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol in coronary heart disease.
6. Describe the dietary treatment of hypercholesterolemia and the latest treatment goals set by the National Cholesterol Education Program.
7. Describe the physiology of hypertension (HTN.)
A. How are the dietary and serum sodium related to the disease process? Describe risk factors.
B. Discuss dietary treatment for hypertension. Define DASH and discuss its rationale.
C. Identify a medication that may be given for hypertension.
D. Briefly describe four non-pharmacologic ways to prevent hypertension.
8. A.N.D – Evidence Analysis Library.
On the home page, click on the “Projects” tab and look for Hypertension.
Press and scroll down looking for Vitamins
Press and look for this question: What is the relationship between vitamin E intake and blood pressure in healthy and hypertensive adults?
State the evidence’s grade and its meaning. Read the conclusion and describe it in your own words.
9. Describe the importance of maintaining normal serum potassium level in a cardiac patient.
10. What information does a patient need to understand about the relationship between trans. fatty acids and heart disease?
11. What role does homocysteine play in cardiovascular disease? What factors influence homocysteine levels?
12. Describe the mechanism of action of each of the drug categories and give 2 examples of drugs in each category.
A. Omega-3 fatty acids
B. Beta-Blockers
C. Angiotension
D. Calcium channel blockers
E. Diuretics
F. Antianginals
G. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
H. Bile acid sequestrants
I. Anticoagulants
13. Describe the nutrient-drug interactions of Coumadin.
14. Identify the food sources of omega-3 fatty acids. Describe the pathways of omega-3 and omega-6 metabolism.
15. Describe the role of inflammation in cardiac disease. What nutritional interventions can lessen inflammation?
16. What is a chylothorax and what are the possible causes for it? Describe the diet for a patient recovering from a chyle leak. How are MCT oils absorbed in the body compared to triglycerides? Why are MCT oils important for these patients? Does the benefit of taking it outweigh avoiding it in a patient with a chyle leak? Refer to the attached file: Nutritional management of Chyle Leaks 2011.”
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