a. Explain what the elements or basic characteristics of a Modern State are.
b. What is the connection between the development of national languages (French, English, etc.) and the creation of
a “national character” or “national myths”?
c. What was the consequence for some states whose borders or dominant national group did not “match” with other
national groups under their rule?
3.Ghani, Carnahan, and Lockhart (Princeton article on State-building) discuss the failures of state-building in
Afghanistan following the US intervention.
a. What do Ghani et al. mean when they say development agencies (i.e. USAID) “substitute” or “parallel” local
government? Why are donors and recipient countries “inherently unequal”?