Pharmacognosy, Intermediate Course B – 15 hp
Spring semester 2016
Section 1
pp. 19-116
Questions:
1. “Molecular pharmacognosy” was proposed as a new concept in pharmacognosy.
Describe and compare the concepts of molecular pharmacognosy and traditional
pharmacognosy.
2. Define genomics, proteomics and metabolomics and describe how they can be
applied in the study of natural products.
3. Describe three methods in plant breeding and how they can be used to improve
the production of pharmacologically active constituents.
4. Describe the concept of chemoinformatics with emphasis on ChemGPS-NP.
5. What is Bioassay-guided isolation and how is it used to find new drug leads from
natural sources?
Questions distributed 2016-02-11.
Answers submitted to Assignment 1 in a word file, no later than 24.00 on the
2016-02-15.
Questions to Assignment 2 2016-03-03
Section 2: p. 117-239 Drugs of Natural Origin, 7th edition
BIOSYNTHESIS – CARBOHYDRATES – SHIKIMIC ACID
Q1 Explain the main characteristics of the products (molecules) of
a) the Shikimic Acid pathway, and
b) the Acylpolymalonate Pathway.
Give 2-3 examples of specific products (name structure) from each of the two
pathways.
Q2 Explain photosynthesis, including all the major steps and reactions!
In your description, make sure to also explain:
-the numbering of Photosystem I and Photosystem II – why is are they called “I” and
“II”?
-the connection between the light reaction and dark reaction, why are they called
“light” and “dark” reactions, what is the end product of each reaction and how are
they connected?
Q3 Choose three different polysaccharides from your course literature and describe
their monosaccharide unit/residues they are build of, their origin and their
pharmaceutical use.
Q4 Describe the following crude drugs and their medicinal application:
a) Nutmeg
b) Podophyllin
Q5 Briefly describe the action of adaptogens using two different examples.
Q6 Shikimic acid pathway is operative in most organisms, except one kingdom of
life. In which kingdom is the shikimic acid pathway not operative and what could be
the explanation of this? Motivate your answer.
Answers handed in no later than 2016-03-07 (23.59)
PHARMACOGNOSY Intermediate course B – 15hp, spring 2016
Questions to Section 3 in Drugs of Natural Origin 7th ed: p. 240-499
Q1. Identify the following five molecules to name, use, compound class, and briefly
describe the biosynthetic pathway from which they are synthesised:
a) b)
c) d)
e)
Q2. Describe how you can generally distinguish between the aromatic compounds from
the shikimic acid pathway and the ones derived from the polyketide pathway regarding
the hydroxyl substituents?
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