Programming & SDLC

A. In this module we learned that Babbage’s Analytical Engine is often considered to be the first mechanical computing device. However, people clearly had the

ability to count and do arithmetic using other means before this device was invented. Using your favorite Web search engine, identify at least THREEmethods or devices

that people used hundreds (or even thousands) of years ago to count things and/or do arithmetic.
Answer 1: The Counting board (The history of computers)
Answer 2: Abacus (The history of computers)
Answer 3: The Pascaline(The history of computers)
B. Computers and software have automated many things that were done manually in the past. For each of the following modern technologies, describe how the same

task might have been accomplished 100 years ago. The old method may not exactly match the new, technology-based method, but be thoughtful and creative in identifying

ways that one could have accomplished the same function in the pre-computing days using “old-fashioned” materials and resources.
Answer 4—GPS:
Answer 5—email:
Answer 6—Instagram:
C. List, and briefly describe the purpose of, the three primitive control or logic structures. (Hint: These structures are given in the Programming Methodologies

section of this module’s reading, titled programming and sdlc.pdf.)
Answer 7:
Answer 8:
Answer 9:
D. The Scratch programming language allows you to do all kinds of things. What three Scratch instructions would you use to cause your character (sprite) to walk 5

steps, make a sound, then walk 5 steps in the other direction? (Be sure to use actual Scratch instructions and also make sure that your instructions are listed in the

correct sequence.)
Answer 10a:
Answer 10b:
Answer 10c:

Chapter 8 Programming and SDLC Study Guide
(1) The SDLC phases occur in which sequence?

(2) Define the purpose of system development life cycle

(3) In both procedural programming and object-oriented programming what is the main focus of the programmer and how he/she approaches the problem.

(4) List some examples of systems software?

(5) Which well-known recording artist is featured in the code.org video?

(6) List some examples of Open Source Software.

(7) Describe open source software.

(8) Computer programs can be classified into two broad categories. What are those categories?

(9) Define source code?

(10) Define sequence structure?

(11) What is an advantage of using procedural programming and its’ three primitive logic structures?

(12) An algorithm is _________________.

(13) Which logic structure would be most appropriate when writing a program to produce millions of numbers?
(14) Which logic structure would be most appropriate when writing a program to bake a cake (for example: measure flour, add eggs, mix, bake)?

(15) List some typical apps found on any computer.

(16) Define the iteration structure?

(17) Did procedural programming predate object-oriented programming?
(18)Define the decision structure?

(19) Which logic structure would be most appropriate when writing a program to help with avoiding a traffic jam? (for example: if traffic jam ahead then take alternate

route)

(20) Is “Open source” is the oldest form of software licensing and distribution?

(21) In which decade was the first electronic digital computer created?
(22) In the Requirements Analysis step, we ____________________________________________.
(23) John Von Neumann is best known for inventing the ______________________________.
(24) Although the first electronic digital computers were very large, it was still fairly easy to reconfigure them to run different programs.