Quantitative analysis
Question 1
What type of hypothesis posits a difference between groups where the direction is specified?
Answer
A. Nondirectional hypothesis
B. Directional hypothesis
C. Research hypothesis
D. Null hypothesis
0.5 points
Question 2
Approximately what percent of scores will fall within one standard deviation of the mean under the normal curve?
Answer
A. 14
B. 34
C. 68
D. 95
0.5 points
Question 3
What term is associated with scores that are at the extreme ends of the distribution?
Answer
A. Variability
B. Skew
C. Outlier
D. Percentile
0.5 points
Question 4
When are descriptive measures most often used?
Answer
A. to describe how often something occurs
B. to determine if a sample is representative of a population
C. to predict an outcome
D. to determine the effect of an intervention
0.5 points
Question 5
When calculating the average for a set of data with extreme scores (eg. household income), which measure of central tendency would be best used?
Answer
A. mean
B. median
C. mode
D. standard error
0.5 points
Question 6
What test would you want to use to test a nondirectional research hypothesis?
Answer
A. One-tailed test
B. Two-tailed test
C. Non-parametric test
D. Frequency test
0.5 points
Question 7
What is the standard acceptable percentage used by social, behavioral and educational statisticians to determine the probability of an event occurring due to chance?
Answer
A. 1 percent
B. 5 percent
C. 95 percent
D. 99 percent
0.5 points
Question 8
What is the term associated with how flat or peaked a distribution appears?
Answer
A. Ogive
B. Skewness
C. Kurtosis
D. Variability
0.5 points
Question 9
The degree of risk you are willing to take that you will reject the null hypothesis when it is actually true is called ____________.
Answer
A. Statistical significance
B. Type II error
C. Type III error
D. Power
0.5 points
Question 10
Which of the following provides you with a measure of how well your sample approximates the population?
Answer
A. Generalizability
B. Population
C. Hypothesis
D. Sampling error
0.5 points
Question 11
Which level of measurement is concerned only with the characteristics of an outcome that fits into a category?
Answer
A. ordinal
B. interval
C. rank
D. nominal
0.5 points
Question 12
If you posit a relationship between two variables as being positive (or negative), what type of test should you use?
Answer
A. Two-tailed
B. ANOVA
C. One-tailed
D. Cohen’s d
0.5 points
Question 13
Which of the following is a measure of how well a sample approximates the characteristics of a population?
Answer
A. sampling accuracy
B. sampling error
C. sampling generalizability
D. sampling consistency
0.5 points
Question 14
When describing a set of nominal data, a researcher should use which of the following measures of central tendency?
Answer
A. Mode
B. Median
C. Standard deviation
D. Mean
0.5 points
Question 15
What does your research question help to guide?
Answer
A. Relationships
B. Hypothesis
C. Sampling error
D. Average score
0.5 points
Question 16
When the sample accurately represents the population, the results of the study are said to have a high degree of _____________.
Answer
A. reliability
B. validity
C. consistency
D. generalizability
0.5 points
Question 17
Variability is a measure of how much individual scores differ from the ______________.
Answer
A. Mean
B. Range
C. Standard deviation
D. Variance
0.5 points
Question 18
If the obtained value is less than the critical value, what should you do?
Answer
A. Reject the null hypothesis
B. Accept the null hypothesis
C. Set a higher p value
D. Increase your sample
0.5 points
Question 19
What is the basis for the normal curve and inferential statistics?
Answer
A. mean
B. asymptotic
C. probability
D. symmetry
0.5 points
Question 20
How are inferential statistics most often used?
Answer
A. to infer to the quality of data collected
B. to organize and describe data
C. to make inferences from the sample to the population
D. to plot the data
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