Prepare a report on the relevant aspects of heat engines and thermodynamic cycles focused on the following listed below. Be sure to show all of your calculations in reasonable detail. Your equations should all be shown and properly typed using a computerized equation editor such as that found in Microsoft Word. This should be a report and not just a simple question and answer assignment so follow the report guidelines given previously.
1. A Carnot heat engine operates between a high-temperature source at 900 K and a low-temperature heat rejection reservoir at 300 K.
(a) Determine the thermal efficiency of the engine.
(b) If the temperature of the high-temperature source is decreased incrementally, how does the thermal efficiency change with the temperature? Here you should include a proper graph of thermal efficiency vs. source temperature to accompany your text.
(c) If the temperature of the heat rejection reservoir is increased incrementally, how does the thermal efficiency change with the temperature? Here, again, you should include a proper graph of thermal efficiency vs. reservoir temperature to accompany your text.
2. A supercritical Rankine cycle operates between pressures of 30 MPa and 10 kPa with a maximum temperature of 600 °C. The cycle contains two reheat stages and two open feedwater heaters. The high pressure turbine operates between 30 MPa and 4 MPa. A portion of the steam is reheated to 600 °C and expanded in another turbine to 200 kPa. A portion of the extracted steam is again reheated to 350 °C and finally expanded to 10 kPa in a final low pressure turbine. Calculate the total cycle efficiency. This problem is shown in Example 4.4 in the book. Show you can solve the problem by showing the solution step by step with your explanations. All the necessary information can be found in the Appendix IV of the textbook and/or in any other thermodynamics book.
3. Determine the efficiency of a Rankine cycle using steam as the working fluid in which the condenser pressure is 10 kPa and the boiler pressure is 2 MPa. The steam leaves the boiler as saturated vapor. In solving Rankine-cycle problems, one typically lets denote the work put into the cycle at the pump per kilogram of fluid flowing, and lets denote the heat rejected from the working fluid per kilogram of fluid flowing. To solve this problem, consider, in succession, a control volume around the pump, the boiler, the turbine, and the condenser, and assume that the process is an idealized Steady-State Steady-Flow (SSSF) process with negligible changes in kinetic and potential energies. All the necessary information for this analysis can be found in Appendix IV in the textbook and/or any other thermodynamics textbook.
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