Statistic: hypothesis testing (null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis)

Statistic: hypothesis testing (null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis)

Question 1:
According to research of a telephone company, an average time of phone call per household is 86 times in a month. There was a change in phone charge last month. According to most recent research on 100 households, an average time of phone call has decreased to 84 times a month, and its standard deviation is 12. Please verify whether it supports the statement “The reason for the decrease in times of phone call is due to change in phone charge”. Use level of significance 5% to test this hypothesis
Question 2:
There is a factory that manufactures tire. The distance covered for the tire this factory manufactures is 25,000 km. This time they invented a tire with longer durability. 30 samples were selected for research, and the average sample mean was 25,500 km. The sample standard deviation is 1,700 km. Please verify the statement “The new version of tire has improved in durability” using level of significance 5% to test this hypothesis.
In addition to this question, please answer what will happen if the significance level is changed to 1%. Also in order to reject the null hypothesis, please calculate what  the greatest value of significance level should be (p value).
Question 3:
The percentage of supporter for B party who has voting rights in city A has been 32%.  In 1994, there was political change in government and wants to find out whether there was change in percentage of supporter for the party. The research was performed on sample of 200 people and the supporter average mean for the B party was 37%. The sample standard deviation was 48%. Please verify if party B’s support rate has increased significantly.

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After careful thought, you will write up a critique. Begin with 1) a paragraph summarizing the content/issue(s) in the article, and 2) a paragraph describing the original research source. The bulk of the write-up will critically evaluate the material, comparing the article to the original research, and relating it to information/themes covered in the class.
Among the questions you should consider:
1. What models of health, illness, or healing are used?
2. Generally, does the “data” presented seem to support the conclusions that are drawn. Note that by nature the summary news bytes will not provide sufficient information for a detailed critique, and research reports tend to be very technical. Stating this is not sufficient.
3. How might an alternative sociological perspective or health model approach the topic or interpret the data differently?
4. What kinds of information are still unknown — what further research remains to be done?
5. How accurately does the article represent the original research report (or research in the area)?
6. A final paragraph will describe why you personally find the article/issue interesting.
Journal articld at JSTOR:
http://www.jstor.org/stable/40699999

(ABC of obesity: Obesity and cancer
Donald C McMillan, Naveed Sattar, Mike Lean and Colin S McArdle Page 1109 of 1109-1111)

Media article at CNN news:

http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/01/health/obesity-cancer-asco/index.html?iref=allsearch
(The link between fat and cancer By Jacque Wilson, CNN)

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