JOB SATISFACTION SURVEY 1
Existing Paragraphs
Research Question
Given the research literature on job satisfaction and the vital role that law enforcement
officers play in our society, its important to know what factors influence their feelings
towards work. Therefore, the focus of this study is to examine the relationship between job
satisfaction and officer rank. The research question we sought to answer was: Is there a
difference in levels of job satisfaction among different ranks of Australian law enforcement
officers?
Data
Methods
Face-to-face interviews of law enforcement officers were conducted in 2015 to capture
information that enabled us to test our research question. Spectors (1985) Job Satisfaction
Survey (JSS), a well-accepted measure of job satisfaction, was used to gauge satisfaction
levels.
Officers were classified into one of five mutually exclusive groups, based on their rank:
Inspector, Superintendent, Commissioner, Constable, or Sergeant. We also collected data on
whether the officer was Australian born and their age at the time of their interview.
In order to determine whether there were differences in aggression levels between
officers, one-way ANOVA was used. The main assumptions of ANOVA are normality and
homogeneity of variance. The descriptive statistics show that levels of satisfaction were
approximately normally distributed and a Levenes test was performed indicating no evidence
against the null hypothesis of equal variances. Both results justify the use of ANOVA for the
analysis, which was performed using SPSS (v22).
JOB SATISFACTION SURVEY 2
Results
Job satisfaction was highest among Sergeants (M = 10.91, SD = 2.51), Commissioners
(M = 10.83, SD = 2.73), Inspectors (M = 10.43, SD = 2.38), followed by Superintendents (M
= 9.71, SD = 2.72), and Constables (M = 9.43, SD = 2.68). Results of an ANOVA test showed
the observed differences were significant (F(4, 170) = 2.28, p = .063). Overall, the effect size
was considered somewhat small (η
2 = .05); and post hoc analysis reveal that the mean
differences in job satisfaction was observed only between Constables and Commissioners as
well as Constables and Sergeants.
Conclusions
Results of the ANOVA test suggest that observed differences between officer ranks
were not due to chance. In other words, there was a significant relationship between job
satisfaction and rank. Therefore, based on these findings, we can conclude that not all officers
feel the same in terms of their job satisfaction. Furthermore, if we want to improve how
officers feel about their work then results of the current study suggest that we should start
with Constables.
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is a collection of statistical models used to analyze the differences among group means and their associated procedures (such as “variation” among and between groups), developed by statistician and evolutionary biologist Ronald Fisher.
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