Author 2) in your in-text reference, but would only list the actual item you read (Author 2) in your reference list.

Author 2) in your in-text reference, but would only list the actual item you read (Author 2) in your
reference list.
For example, if you read an idea by Bate (Author 1) in a source by McInnis (Author 2) you would
need to mention both authors in your in-text reference.

However, in the reference list you should only list McInnis (Author 2, the source you read) and not
Bate (whose idea you read about in McInnis).

5. How do I reference multiple sources by the same author published in the same year?
If an author has published more than one item in the same year, place a lower case letter of the
alphabet next to the dates in your in-text referencing to distinguish between these separate
publications.

You must also include these lower case letters in your reference list entries as well. The order in
which you attach the letters should follow the alphabetical order of the titles of these sources.

6. What if there are two authors with the same family name?
Occasionally you will need to reference two different authors who share the same family name. To
avoid ambiguity, include the authors’ first initials after their family names in the in-text references.

7. How do I present exact quotations?
Short quotations of fewer than thirty words should be enclosed in single quotation marks (‘…’) and
be accompanied by an in-text reference including a page number where possible. If you are
referencing an online source without page numbers, just author and year will suffice.

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Longer quotations of more than thirty words should be presented without quotation marks and
indented on both sides. A font one size smaller should be used.
Bate (cited in McInnis 2010, p. 13) states that…

…is more important (Bate, cited in McInnis 2010, p. 13).
Stam argues this point eloquently (2005a) and reiterates it elsewhere (2005b).
Shakespeare’s play ‘uses the technique of externalisation to anatomise an inner emotional
struggle’ (Smith, E 2007, p. 17).

Lacan’s work grounds ‘personal identity and its discontents in language’ (Smith, B 2010, p. 6).
Research indicates that ‘over a thousand autobiographies of childhood have been published in
roughly the past fifteen years’ (Douglas 2010, p. 1).
Developed by Learning Advisers and Librarians © UniSA, January 2011

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